La Niña events have significantly impacted global weather patterns over the past 1000 years, causing widespread climate disruptions. Characterized by cooler-than-average sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, La Niña leads to severe droughts, altered monsoon patterns, and temperature anomalies. Notable events include the 1522 La Niña, which caused severe droughts in Indonesia and Australia while increasing rainfall in Peru. The 1606 event led to prolonged droughts in Indonesia and Australia, and cooler temperatures in the United States.

In 1876, one of the strongest La Niña events resulted in severe droughts in Indonesia and Australia, affecting agriculture and water supply. The 1949 La Niña brought significant cooling to the United States and severe droughts in Australia and Indonesia. The 1973 event, another powerful La Niña, caused widespread droughts and cooling effects globally.

More recent events, such as the 2010-2011 La Niña, were among the most intense, resulting in major weather disruptions, including severe droughts in Australia and Indonesia and cooler temperatures in the United States. The 2020 La Niña also led to significant weather changes, affecting multiple countries.